Formulas
| Conversion | Formula |
|---|---|
| mW to dBm | P [dBm] = 10 · log₁₀ (P [mW] / 1 mW) |
| dBm to mW | P [mW] = 10^(P [dBm] / 10) |
| Loss in dB to the power that remains | P_out / P_in = 10^(−loss / 10) |
| Sum of powers | P_total [dBm] = 10 · log₁₀ Σ 10^(P_i / 10) |
0 dBm is 1 mW. Every 3 dB halves or doubles the power, 10 dB is a factor of ten, and 1 dB is about 26 %.
Quick reference
| dBm | mW | dBm | mW |
|---|---|---|---|
| +10 | 10 | −10 | 0.1 |
| +3 | 2.0 | −13 | 0.05 |
| 0 | 1.0 | −20 | 0.01 |
| −3 | 0.5 | −30 | 0.001 |
| −7 | 0.2 | −40 | 0.0001 |
Adding powers
Powers add in milliwatts, never in dBm: two DWDM channels at −3 dBm each total 0 dBm, not −6 dBm, and N equal channels add 10 · log₁₀ N dB to the power of one. A loss, on the other hand, is a ratio and is subtracted in dB: −8.2 dBm through 6.2 dB of loss arrives at −14.4 dBm (0.036 mW).
More in the documentation: Units and conversions, Formulas and worked calculations.